Prolonged Adolescence
Have you thought about the implications of it being
harder and harder, decade by decade, for our young people
to get a start in life? In families where there is
sufficient income, they continue to live with their
parents well into their 20s, returning home after
college, and their families of origin may keep homes
large enough to house them and their spouses and
children, just in case careers fail. Parents may help
with down payments on homes, or help pay their rent.
In families where money is scarce, one's opportunities
are very different, and one's hopes may be a good deal
lower.
What is it we say about living in a nation dedicated
to the proposition that all are created equal? How can we
make that real in the world of the 21st century? I submit
that we must start with Henry George's Remedy: make land
common property. Yes, I know what Clarence Darrow said:
“The “single tax” is so simple, so
fundamental, and so easy to carry into effect that I have
no doubt that it will be about the last reform the world
will ever get. People in this world are not often
logical.”
What kind of society do we want to leave our children
and grandchildren? Do we love them enough to work to
create it?
William Ogilvie: An Essay on the Right of
Property in Land (Scotland, 1782)
What is it that in England restrains the early
marriages of the poor and industrious classes of men?
Alas! not the Marriage Act but a system of institutions
more difficult to be reformed; establishing in a few
hands that monopoly of land by which the improvable as
well as the improved value of the soil is engrossed. It
is this which chiefly occasions the difficulty of their
finding early and comfortable settlements in life, and so
prevents the consent of parents from being given before
the legal age. It is this difficulty which even after
that age is passed still withholds the consent of
parents, restrains the inclinations of the parties
themselves, and keeps so great a number of the lower
classes unmarried to their thirtieth or fortieth years,
perhaps for their whole lives. ... Read the entire
essay
H.G. Brown:
Significant Paragraphs from Henry George's
Progress & Poverty: 12.
Effect of Remedy Upon Various Economic Classes (in the
unabridged P&P:
Part IX: Effects of the Remedy — Chapter 3. Of the
effect upon individuals and classes)
When it is first proposed to put all taxes upon the
value of land, all landholders are likely to take the
alarm, and there will not be wanting appeals to the fears
of small farm and homestead owners, who will be told that
this is a proposition to rob them of their hard-earned
property. But a moment's reflection will show that this
proposition should commend itself to all whose interests
as landholders do not largely exceed their interests as
laborers or capitalists, or both. And further
consideration will show that though the large landholders
may lose relatively, yet even in their case there will be
an absolute gain. For, the increase in production will be
so great that labor and capital will gain very much more
than will be lost to private landownership, while in
these gains, and in the greater ones involved in a more
healthy social condition, the whole community, including
the landowners themselves, will share.
- It is manifest, of course, that the change I
propose will greatly benefit all those who live by
wages, whether of hand or of head -- laborers,
operatives, mechanics, clerks, professional men of all
sorts.
- It is manifest, also, that it will benefit all
those who live partly by wages and partly by the
earnings of their capital -- storekeepers, merchants,
manufacturers, employing or undertaking producers and
exchangers of all sorts from the peddler or drayman to
the railroad or steamship owner -- and
- it is likewise manifest that it will increase the
incomes of those whose incomes are drawn from the
earnings of capital.
Take, now, the case of the homestead owner -- the
mechanic, storekeeper, or professional man who has
secured himself a house and lot, where he lives, and
which he contemplates with satisfaction as a place from
which his family cannot be ejected in case of his death.
He will not be injured; on the contrary, he will be the
gainer. The selling value of his lot will diminish --
theoretically it will entirely disappear. But its
usefulness to him will not disappear. It will serve his
purpose as well as ever. While, as the value of all other
lots will diminish or disappear in the same ratio, he
retains the same security of always having a lot that he
had before. That is to say, he is a loser only as the man
who has bought himself a pair of boots may be said to be
a loser by a subsequent fall in the price of boots. His
boots will be just as useful to him, and the next pair of
boots he can get cheaper. So, to the homestead
owner, his lot will be as useful, and should he look
forward to getting a larger lot, or having his children,
as they grow up, get homesteads of their own, he will,
even in the matter of lots, be the gainer. And
in the present, other things considered, he will be much
the gainer. For though he will have more taxes to pay
upon his land, he will be released from taxes upon his
house and improvements, upon his furniture and personal
property, upon all that he and his family eat, drink and
wear, while his earnings will be largely increased by the
rise of wages, the constant employment, and the increased
briskness of trade. His only loss will be, if he wants to
sell his lot without getting another, and this will be a
small loss compared with the great gain. ...
read the whole chapter
William F. Buckley, Jr.: Home Dear
Home
The real estate boom is a familiar phenomenon. Most
people are predicting that it will, if not burst, at
least wilt. But the basic components aren't going to
change, not unless we have a catastrophe of sorts,
something economists don't feel obliged to integrate into
their speculations.
The components are:
- a relatively wealthy community;
- the hard desire to own one's own house, along with
the ambition to make it more and more comfortable and
pleasing;
- the dependence of building sites on immediate
amenities (sewage, power); and
- strategic sources of nourishment (jobs).
The convenience of infinitely available land faded as
urbanization brought on heavy dependence on elements that
weren't always available to homes on the range. Schools
and hospitals are not only useful for educating children
and curing the infirm. They are necessary to attract
affluent home buyers.
Jon Gertner, writing for The New York Times
Magazine, gives a useful account of the
home-building industry. Here are some basic indices.
- We have 34 million rented apartments at this point
and 74 million owner-occupied homes.
- The pool is being fed
- by immigrants seeking houses,
- by children growing and seeking their own
homes, and
- by the elderly wanting a second house in which
to vacation or retire.
- The home-building industry has constructed about
13.5 million single-family homes since the
mid-1990s.
So why is the cost of housing so high?
We learn that the average new house nationwide now
sells for nearly $300,000. The writer tells us, "I asked
(a builder) what our children -- my kids are both under
8, I told him -- would be paying when they're ready to
buy.
"'They're going to live with us until they're 40,'
(the builder) said matter-of-factly. 'And when they have
their second kid, then we'll finally kick them out and
make them pay for the house that we paid for. And that
house will cost them 45 to 50 percent of their income.'"
...
Henry George, the eminent social philosopher of a
century ago, turned the attention of planners and
economists, however briefly, to the indefeasible factor
of land scarcity. Capital and labor can increase; land
cannot.
Accordingly, George was the apostle of the single tax.
It aimed most directly at land speculators. ... read the
whole column
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